is an abrasive and raw subgenre of punk that blends the aggression of hardcore with the heaviness of extreme metal, particularly death metal and grindcore. Emerging in the 1980s, it is characterized by distorted guitars, guttural vocals, and politically charged, bleak lyrics. Influenced by bands like Amebix and Discharge, crust maintains a DIY ethos and often features dark, apocalyptic themes, making it a cornerstone of underground punk culture.
